Title

1502 DAFT & Dissolution Start Up SOP

Starting up the DAFT thickener involves putting the rotating surface scraper drive unit and the Dissolution system into service. Start up of the Dissolution System involves putting a dissolved air/water solution into service.

SOP Identification Number
SOP Identification Number:
1502_Daft & Dissolution Start Up
Purpose and scope
Purpose and scope:

The DAFT process concentrates secondary biological sludge and scum by removing small or very light particles that settle slowly or not at all. Forced air is injected to the sludge mixture and the resulting tiny air bubbles occlude to the solids particles, rendering them lighter than the water. The solids then float to the water surface and are skimmed for pumping to the anaerobic digesters.   

  • To concentrate and settle out solids before the sludge is transferred to the anaerobic digesters.
  • To remvoe as much water as possible before the sludge is transferred to the anaerobic digesters and to minimize digestion capactiy requirements.
  • To reduce the overall volume of sludge that requires treatment in subsequent processes.
Definitions
Definitions:
  • DAFT:  Dissolved Air Flotation Thickener
  • A/S ratio: The ratio of pounds of air to pounds of solids. Optimization of the A/S ratio provides enhanced thickening and clarification. 
Health & Safety Warnings
Health & Safety Warnings:

Watch for open tanks and high elevations.  If working on or near equipment, watch for moving parts.

Cautions
Cautions:
  • Watch for air locks in the system.
Potential Interferences
Potential Interferences:
  • In sufficient air flow could result in solids settlingi to the bottom of the DAFT tank.  The optimal A/S ratio is approximately 0.02 pounds of air per pound of solids.
  • If the speed of the rotating rake is too fast, the float thickness will be too thin.  Rake speed should be such that the float thickness is approximately one half the baffle depth.  If the rake speed can not be reduced sufficiently, the rake should be operated on an intermittent percentage basis.
Personnel Qualifications
Personnel Qualifications:

Operator I, knowledge of thickening process and equipment controls.

Equipment, Supplies, Required Tools
Equipment, Supplies, Required Tools:
  • Record activity to log book.
  • Monitor A/S ratio and adjust air flow if necessary to maintain optimal A/S ratio.
  • Monitor thickeness of floating sludge.  Adjust rake speed if necessary to maintain optimal depth.
Quality Control/Quality Assurance Activities for the Procedure
Quality Control/Quality Assurance Activities for the Procedure:
  • Record activity to log book.
  • Monitor A/S ratio and adjust air flow if necessary to maintain optimal A/S ratio.
  • Monitor thickeness of floating sludge.  Adjust rake speed if necessary to maintain optimal depth.
Procedure
Procedure:


Typically, the DAFT drive unit operates continuously. The swing shift operator from the night before calculates the polymer dosage.

1.     Start DAFT Drive Unit.

a.     Go to the Thickener Control Building and locate the DAFT panel {tag no. 1502BKT5300}. 

                       i.    Verify that DAFT Drive Unit Breaker Switch {tag no. 1502BKR5300} is in the ON position.

                     ii.    Turn hand switch {tag no. 1502HS5300B} to ON.  Verify that green light {tag no. 1502YL5300} is ON.

b.     Go to the DAFT structure and locate the Local Switch:

                      i.    Turn DAFT drive unit {tag no. 1502MTR5300} HOA switch {tag no. 1502HS5300} to AUTO position.

                     ii.    Verify operation of DAFT drive unit {tag no. 1502VSD5300}.

2.     Adjust Back Pressure Valve.

a.     The Back Pressure Valve is located outside the Thickener Control Building.  

                      i.    Open the back pressure valve approximately 5 – 8 turns {tag no. 1505PI5687}.

3.     Start DAFT Dissolution System.

a.     Go to the Thickener Control Building and open all of the suction valves {tag nos. 1502VLV5100 & 1502VLV5200} and discharge valves {tag nos. 1502VLV5100F, 1502VLV5200G & 1502VLV5687A}.

b.     Locate the Recycle Pump panel {tag no. 1502BKT5100}. 

                      i.    Verify that Recycle Pump Breaker Switch {tag no. 1502BKR5100} is in the ON position.

                    ii.    Turn hand switch {tag no. 1502HS5100} to ON.

                  iii.    Bleed off air at the Recycle Pump {tag nos. 1502PMP5100 & 1502PMP5200} suction and discharge.

                  iv.    Verify flow through flow meter {tag nos. 1502FE/FIT5676}.

                   v.    Verify that air system is in operation.

                  vi.    Verity that air valves are open {tag nos. 1502FCV5673 & 1502FCV5674}.

                 vii.    Dissolution Tanks {tag nos. 1502TNK5691}

4.     Adjust Back Pressure Valve.

a.     The Back Pressure Valve is located outside the Thickener Control Building.  

                      i.    Close the back pressure valve {tag no. 1505VLV5687C} until the pressure gauge {tag no. 1505PI5687} reads approximately 55 psi.

 

Data & Records Management, Calculations, Forms, Reports
Data & Records Management, Calculations, Forms, Reports:
  • Update log book.
  • Update maintenance records (if applicable).
  • Report any maintenance or attention that is required.
Limits/Criteria for Data/Results
Limits/Criteria for Data/Results:
  • A/S Ratio = 0.02
  • Floating sludge thickness = 1/2 depth of baffle
Corrective Action Plan
Corrective Action Plan:


If an air-lock prevents the Dissolution System from starting, initiate a Secondary Scum cycle (manually or at the SCADA workstation).   Allow time for the seceondary scum gravity system to add enough volume to the DAFTtank  to restart the DAFT system.

Equipment
Equipment:


 

EQUIPMENT NAME

TAG NUMBER

DAFT Local Control Panel

1502BKT5300

DAFT Drive Unit Breaker Switch

1502BKR5300

DAFT Panel HOA

1502HS5300

DAFT Panel Hand Switch

1502HS5300B

DAFT Panel Indicator Light

1502YL5300

DAFT Drive Unit

1501VSD5300

DAFT Drive Unit Motor

1501MTR5300

Back Pressure Valve

1505VLV5687C

Pressure Gauge

1505PI5687

Suction Valve

1502VLV5100

Suction Valve

1502VLV5200

Discharge Valve

1502VLV5100F

Discharge Valve

1502VLV5200G

Discharge Valve Pump 1 & 2

1502VLV5687A

Dissolution System Recycle Pump Panel

1502BKT5100

Dissolution System Recycle Pump Panel Breaker Switch

1502BKR5100

Dissolution System Recycle Pump Panel Hand Switch

1502HS5100

Dissolution System Recycle Pump 1

1502PMP5100

Dissolution System Recycle Pump 2

1502PMP5200

Dissolution System Flow Meter

1502FE/FIT5676

Dissolution System Air Valve

1502FCV5673

Dissolution System Air Valve

1502FCV5674

Dissolution System Tank

1502TNK5691